Severe Toothache: When to Seek Emergency Care
Know when a toothache requires immediate attention.
Types of Toothache
Toothaches range from mild sensitivity to severe, debilitating pain. Understanding the type of pain can help determine urgency and possible causes.
Emergency Warning Signs
Seek immediate care if you have:
- Severe pain that doesn't respond to pain relievers
- Fever along with tooth pain
- Swelling in face, cheek, or under jaw
- Difficulty breathing or swallowing
- Foul-tasting drainage in mouth
- Swelling spreading or getting worse
- Pain after trauma or injury
Temporary Relief
While waiting for dental care:
- Take over-the-counter pain relievers (ibuprofen often works best)
- Apply cold compress to outside of cheek
- Rinse gently with warm salt water
- Use clove oil on the affected area
- Keep head elevated, especially when lying down
- Avoid very hot, cold, or sweet foods
Common Causes
Severe toothache is often caused by:
- Dental abscess (infection)
- Deep cavity reaching the nerve
- Cracked or fractured tooth
- Damaged filling or crown
- Gum infection
- Wisdom tooth problems
What to Expect
The dentist will examine your teeth, take X-rays, and determine the cause. Treatment may include antibiotics, drainage of infection, root canal, or extraction depending on the cause and severity.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can a toothache go away on its own?
Sometimes pain temporarily subsides, but this doesn't mean the problem is gone. If a tooth dies, pain may stop, but infection can spread. Any persistent toothache should be evaluated by a dentist.
Is a toothache ever dangerous?
Yes, dental infections can become life-threatening if they spread to the jaw, head, neck, or bloodstream. Signs of serious infection include fever, facial swelling, difficulty swallowing or breathing—these require immediate emergency care.
What's the best pain reliever for a toothache?
Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) is often most effective because it reduces both pain and inflammation. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) can help too. Don't place aspirin directly on the tooth—it can burn gum tissue.
Medical Disclaimer
This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified dental professional for diagnosis and treatment of dental conditions.
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